MUJIB DEPLORES APATHY TOWARDS CYCLONE VICTIMS
Statement issued at Press Conference held in Dacca on November 26, 1970

 

I have just returned after an extensive tour of the calamity affected coastal areas spread Barisal, Patuakhali and Khulna. By now the world has come to know of the immensity of the devastation wrought by the terrible cyclone and tidal bore which ravaged those areas on the night of the 12th and the early hours of the 13th November, 1970. To you, the members of the press, the grief-stricken people of Bangla Desh will owe an eternal debt of gratitude for having brought into focus the catastrophic magnitude or the calamity which has struck us.

 

Today we estimate the number of dead to be almost a million: some esti­mates exceed one million. The stench of death hangs heavily over those areas, as thousands of corpses and carcasses still lie the unburied over 9 days. I have moved through those areas-the Paikgacha area in Khulna; almost the whole of Bhola, including Daulatkhan, Tajumuddin, Burhanuddin. Char Lalmohan. Char Fasson and the island of Monpura: the affected parts of Patuakhali district, including Kallaya and neighbouring areas in Bauphol P.S., different areas in Olapchipa P.S., in particular the Char areas and island facing the Bay of Bengal including the islands of Rangabil, Bara Baisdiya, Char Kajal and Pan Patti; and the stricken areas in Noakhali district, in particular Hatiya Island, Char Gazi, Char Abdullah and Char Alexander and other affected areas in Ramgati P.S. and Sudharam P.S.

 

I cannot find words adequate to describe the holocaust which the cyclone and tidal bore have left in their trail. Nor can I adequately convey in words the suffering and the misery of those who have survived. Whole areas have been totally depopulated. In many areas of Patuakhali, Bhola and Noakhali barely 20% to 25% of the total population has survived. The survivers have lost their homes, their crops, their cattle; in fact they have lost all their worldly belongings.

 

They are without clothes, without shelter and in many of the areas without any food or drinking water. The wounds on their bodies are turning septic. They thus face death from starvation, exposure and disease.

 

What is, however, utterly appalling is the total failure of the Government to discharge its obligations at every stage. Despite the advance information avai­lable through SUPARCO and the weather satellites, almost two whole days before the cyclone struck, no proper or adequate warning was given to the unwary inhabitants of the coastal areas, left alone any attempts being made to evacuate at least some of them. After the cyclone, there was hardly any attempt to make an accurate estimate of the death toll or the damage. Absurdly low figures were put out by the Government. The initial Government reports gave out the death figure as being around 50 !

 

A massive resque and relief operation, if launched within 94 hours of the occurrence, could have saved thousands of lives. Thousands of survivors could have been saved from death due to starvation, exposure and lack of medical attention. Had the Navy rushed into the area it could have rescued thousands who had been swepi into the sea. The failure to launch such a relief and resque operation is unforgiveable. But the criminal negligence does not end here.

 

I have been to areas where even ten days after the occurrence of the cyclone, not an ounce of relief had reached to afflicted people. They have had to subsist on the root of trees. They have been drinking water, polluted by rotting corpses and carcasses, which has caused sores to form in their mouths. Dysentery has broken out on a wide scale and a cholera epidemic has begun to spread.

 

Private organisation, social workers and the scores of Awami League and Students' League relief teams, which have gone into the field, have been severely handicapped by the failure of the administration to ensure a minimum availability of transport and communication facilities. This acute shortage could easily have been overcome if the Government, specially a Martial Law Government, had made timely use of its ample powers to requisition launches and other river craft from other districts and to deploy these in sufficient numbers in the affected areas. The so-called " inaccessible " areas would then have no longer been so, since my own experience shows that even a small, broken launch such as the one I used, could reach almost every affected area, including those lying along the Bay of Bengal. As a result of these failures and bottlenecks, hardly any Government relief had reached the people even after a lapse of ten days of the occurrence of the cyclone.

 

Some activity

 

Today some activity is to be seen. Some helicopters are visible. The air­dropping, which previously only occurred on paper, seems to have begun. All this has started only after loud and repeated public protests were made throughout the province. Indeed even today the deficiencies would be monumental but for the vast quantities of relief materials which have poured in from all over the world. It is a sad reflection on our Government that the ravaged people of Bangla Desh today expect to survive only due to the generosity of the world community.

 

The world has sent us food, clothing, medicines and vital transport equipment, essential for carrying these implements of survival to our stricken brethren. The people of Bangla Desh will be eternally indebted to those countries who have so generously come their rescue in their hour of need. If whole-heartedly extend my thanks to the governments and people of all those countries for their prompt and humane response to the urgent needs of our people in the calamity-affected areas.

 

The generous assistance received from abroad only underlines the tardiness and callousness of our own rulers. At a time, when West Pakistan is enjoying a bumper wheat crop it is ironic that the first shipment of foodgrains to reach us is from abroad. While we have a substantial army stationed in West Pakistan, it is left to British Marines to bury our dead in Patuakhali. While we have army helicopters sitting in West Pakistan, we have to wait for helicopters to come for relief operations from across the earth from the United States, France and other foreign countries. Whilst China, the United States, USSR, the United Kingdom and other foreign countries were offering us assistance within a couple of days of the disaster being made public, it took our Central Government 10 days-to allot Rs. 5 crores for relief of the cyclone-affected victims. If the Chinese and U.S. offer are evaluated at the market rate of foreign exchange, their financial assistance would exceed that extended by the Central Government. Whilst individuals and charitable organisations the world over are raising funds for relief the ` 22 families ' who have have prospered on the blood of our people have yet to make any significant contribution towards relief. Indeed the textile mills of West Pakistan, which have exploited Bangla Desh as their principal market, have not even donated a yard of cloth for the shrouds of the dead. Is this why we have spent 72'/'.' of our common resources in West Pakistan over the last two decades? Is this why we have channelled 60% of our budget to the Defence Services? Is this why the jute-growers of Bangla Desh have starved so that the capitalists in Karachi and Lyallpur can prosper?

 

And where are those pillars of national integration, those self-appointed apostles of Islam, Maulana Maudoodi, Khan Abdul Qayyum Khan, Mian Mumtaz. Daulatana, Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan and other West Pakistani leaders today'? They have not found the time to come even for a day to Bangla Desh to extent sympathy and succour to the survivors.

 

Our present experience has only brought into sharp focus and underlines the basic truth that every Bengali has felt in his bones, that we have been treated so long as a colony and a market. We have been denied our birth-rights as the free citizens of an independent State. All decisions of consequence are made in Rawalpindi or Islamabad. All powers vest in the Central Government and its bureaucrats. It is they who I accuse today of criminal neglect and discrimination against Bangla Desh, which has made us so vulnerable a prey to every vagary of nature. A million of our people are dead. Three million are today struggling for survival amidst death and devastation. We have lived with floods and cyclones since independence. Today after 23 years of shared nationhood we are without even plans for flood control. Ten years after the cyclone and tidal bore which had ravaged these same areas, we have to live through the same disaster, magnified a thousand-fold. At that time plans were put forward for building permanent cyclone-proof shelters, for replanning of our coastal villages, and improving com­munications facilities. A full decade later the plans remain buried among a pile of plans which have never been implemented. Rs. 20 crores could not be found in ten years for building these cyclone-proof shelters yet over Rs. 200 crores could be found for building those monuments of luxury and waste in Islamabad. Before a plan for flood control could be prepared, over one billion dollars could be allo­cated for building the Mangla and Tarbela dams in West Pakistan.

 

Full Regional Autonomy

 

We are confirmed today in our conviction that if we are to save the people of Bangla Desh from the ravages of nature, as of their fellowmen, we must attain full regional autonomy on the basis of the 6-point/11-point formula. We must have plenary powers to manage our economy. It is only when we can wrest away power from the ruling coteril and attain full regional autonomy on the basis of the 6-point/11-point formula that we can expect to solve our urgent problems, be they those of economic development, flood control or that of reconstructing the villages and rehabilitating the people ravaged by the cyclone.

 

Immediate measures must be taken to provide food, shelter, clothing, medicine and drinking water to every survivor in the coastal areas. A delay of a few more days will result in there being no survivors left to take relief to. A people's Government could have mobilised thousands of volunteers to ensure rapid and effective distribution of relief materials to those in need of it. Bureaucrats would not have dared to be as apathetic, as indifferent and as callous as they have been, if they had had to account for their actions to a people's Government.

 

If we are to save our people from the scourage of another cyclone and tidal bore, a massive programme of reconstruction must be undertaken. This will involve the construction of an extensive system of coastal embankments, of an adequate network of cyclone-proof shelters, of better warning and communication facilities. The survivors should be grouped into co-operatives, through which they should be supplied with cattle and power-tillers to replace the cattle that they have Iost. They should thus also be provided with deep tubewells to produce winter crops, seeds and other agricultural inputs necessary to enable them to start a new life.

 

But all this can only be done, if we can attain full regional autonomy. We pledge today that what has happened to our brethren in the coastal areas must not allowed ever to happen again. This historic disaster has demonstrated to the world the tragic plight of the 70 million people of Bangla Desh. The feeling now pervades not just in towns and amongst the educated, but in every village home in every slum, in those islands amongst their dead, that we must rule ourselves. We must make the decisions which matter. We must decide how our resources arc utilised. We must decide where to raise money. We must decide how our funds will be used. We will no longer suffer the arbitrary rule of the bureaucrats, the capitalists and the feudal interests of West Pakistan.

 

Power must be won by the people, whether it be through elections, or if elections are aborted, through the strength of an awakened people. The people have already voted in their hearts and in their minds. They have had enough of ‘strong centres’. They have had enough of the crimes committed in the name of ' national integration'. The urge of the people of Bangla Desh for autonomy cannot be denied. For those of the rulers who think that the people's will can be ignored, let them be warned. Bangla Desh is now awake. It will give its verdict at the polls, if the polls are not frustrated. If the polls are frustrated, the people of Bangla Desh, will owe it to the million who have died, to make the supreme sacrifice of another million lives, if need be, so that we can live as a free people and so that Bangla Desh can be the master of its own destiny.

 

(MORNING NEWS, Karachi and Dacca-November 27, 1970)

 

 

Source: Bangladesh Documents, vol – I, p.120-123